Electric and Hybrid vehicles / Tom Denton, BA, FIMI, MSAE, MIRTE, Cert. Ed.

Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

The first book on electric and hybrid vehicles (EVs) written specifically for automotive students and vehicle owners Clear diagrams, photos and flow charts outline the charging infrastructure, how EV technology works, and how to repair and maintain hybrid and electric vehicles Optional IMI online eLearning materials enable students to study the subject further and test their knowledge

Full coverage of IMI Level 2 Award in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Operation and Maintenance, IMI Level 3 Award in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Repair and Replacement, IMI Accreditation, C&G and other EV/Hybrid courses.

The first book on electric and hybrid vehicles (endorsed by the IMI) starts with an introduction to the market, covering the different types of electric vehicle, costs and emissions, and the charging infrastructure, before moving on to explain how hybrid and electric vehicles work. A chapter on electrical technology introduces learners to subjects such as batteries, control systems and charging which are then covered in more detail within their own chapters. The book also covers the maintenance and repair procedures of these vehicles, including fault finding, servicing, repair and first-responder information. Case studies are used throughout to illustrate different technologies.

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

• Preface (p. viii)
• Acknowledgements (p. ix)
• 1 Electric vehicles introduction (p. 1)
• 1.1 EVs and hybrids (p. 1)
• 1.1.1 Types of electric vehicle (p. 1)
• 1.1.2 Electric vehicle market (p. 2)
• 1.1.3 The EV experience (p. 3)
• 1.1.4 History (p. 5)
• 1.1.5 Formula-e (p. 7)
• 1.2 Costs and emissions (p. 8)
• 1.2.1 Electricity costs (p. 8)
• 1.2.2 End of life (p. 10)
• 1.2.3 CO 2 emissions (p. 10)
• 1.2.4 Emissions (p. 11)
• 1.3 Autonomous cars (p. 11)
• 1.3.1 Introduction (p. 11)
• 1.3.2 Google self-driving car (p. 12)
• 1.3.3 Hacking (p. 12)
• 2 Safe working, tools and hazard management (p. 15)
• 2.1 General safety precautions (p. 15)
• 2.1.1 Introduction (p. 15)
• 2.1.2 Safety (p. 15)
• 2.1.3 General safety guidance (p. 17)
• 2.1.4 General risks and their reduction (p. 18)
• 2.2 High-voltage safety precautions (p. 18)
• 2.2.1 Introduction to high voltages (p. 18)
• 2.2.2 Low and high voltage (p. 18)
• 2.2.3 Personal protective equipment (PPE) (p. 20)
• 2.2.4 High-energy cables and components (p. 20)
• 2.2.5 AC electric shock (p. 21)
• 2.2.6 DC electric shock (p. 23)
• 2.2.7 Protection devices (p. 24)
• 2.3 Safe work process (p. 25)
• 2.3.1 Risks of working with FVs (p. 25)
• 2.3.2 Work categories (p. 26)
• 2.3.3 Before work starts (p. 28)
• 2.3.4 During the work (p. 28)
• 2.3.5 Interruption to work (p. 28)
• 2.3.6 Completion of work (p. 29)
• 2.4 Hazard management (p. 29)
• 2.4.1 Initial assessment (p. 29)
• 2.4.2 Fire (p. 30)
• 2.5 Tools and equipment (p. 30)
• 2.5.1 Introduction (p. 30)
• 2.5.2 Hand tools (p. 30)
• 2.5.3 Test equipment (p. 31)
• 2.5.4 Workshop equipment (p. 33)
• 2.5.5 High-voltage tools (p. 34)
• 2.5.6 On-board diagnostics (p. 35)
• 3 Electrical and electronic principles (p. 39)
• 3.1 Basic electrical principles (p. 39)
• 3.1.1 Introduction (p. 39)
• 3.1.2 Electron and conventional flow (p. 40)
• 3.1.3 Effects of current flow (p. 41)
• 3.1.4 Fundamental quantities (p. 41)
• 3.1.5 Describing electrical circuits (p. 42)
• 3.1.6 Conductors, insulators and semiconductors (p. 42)
• 3.1.7 Factors affecting the resistance of a conductor (p. 42)
• 3.1.8 Resistors and circuit networks (p. 42)
• 3.1.9 Magnetism and electromagnetism (p. 44)
• 3.1.10 Electromagnetic induction (p. 44)
• 3.1.11 Mutual induction (p. 45)
• 3.1.12 Definitions and laws (p. 45)
• 3.2 Electronic components (p. 48)
• 3.2.1 Introduction (p. 48)
• 3.2.2 Components (p. 50)
• 3.2.3 Integrated circuits (p. 52)
• 4 Electric vehicle technology (p. 55)
• 4.1 Electric vehicle layouts (p. 55)
• 4.1.1 Identifying electric vehicles (p. 55)
• 4.1.2 Single motor (p. 56)
• 4.1.3 Wheel motors (p. 57)
• 4.2 Hybrid electric vehicle layouts (p. 58)
• 4.2.1 Introduction (p. 58)
• 4.2.2 Classifications (p. 59)
• 4.2.3 Operation (p. 60)
• 4.2.4 Configurations (p. 62)
• 4.2.5 Hybrid with a 48-V system (p. 66)
• 4.2.6 Hybrid control systems (p. 67)
• 4.3 Cables and components (p. 68)
• 4.3.1 High-voltage cables (p. 68)
• 4.3.2 Components (p. 68)
• 4.3.3 ECE-R100 (p. 71)
• 4.4 Other systems (p. 72)
• 4.4.1 Heating and air conditioning (p. 72)
• 4.4.2 Brakes (p. 73)
• 4.4.3 Power-assisted steering (p. 74)
• 5 Batteries (p. 77)
• 5.1 Overview (p. 77)
• 5.1.1 Battery range (p. 77)
• 5.1.2 Battery life and recycling (p. 77)
• 5.2 Types of battery (p. 78)
• 5.2.1 Lead-acid batteries (Pb-Pb0 2 (p. 78)
• 5.2.2 Alkaline (Ni-Cad, Ni-Fe and Ni-MH) (p. 80)
• 5.2.3 Sodium-nickel chloride (Na-NiCI 2 ) (p. 81)
• 5.2.4 Sodium-sulphur (Na-S) (p. 82)
• 5.2.5 Lithium-ion (Li-ion) (p. 82)
• 5.2.6 Fuel cells (p. 84)
• 5.2.7 Super-capacitors (p. 87)
• 5.2.8 Flywheels (p. 88)
• 5.2.9 Summary (p. 88)
• 6 Motors and control systems (p. 91)
• 6.1 Introduction (p. 91)
• 6.1.1 Types of motor (p. 91)
• 6.1.2 Trends (p. 91)
• 6.2 Construction and function of electric motors (p. 91)
• 6.2.1 AC motors: basic principle (p. 91)
• 6.2.2 Asynchronous motor (p. 91)
• 6.2.3 Synchronous motor: permanent excitation (p. 92)
• 6.2.4 DC motor: series wound (p. 92)
• 6.2.5 DC motor: separately excited shunt wound (p. 93)
• 6.2.6 Motor torque and power characteristics (p. 93)
• 6.2.7 Electronically commutated motor (p. 94)
• 6.2.8 Switched reluctance motor (p. 96)
• 6.2.9 Motor efficiency (p. 97)
• 6.3 Control system (p. 98)
• 6.3.1 Introduction (p. 98)
• 6.3.2 Power control (p. 99)
• 6.3.3 Sensors (p. 100)
• 6.3.4 Battery (p. 101)
• 7 Charging (p. 105)
• 7.1 Charging, standards and infrastructure (p. 105)
• 7.1.1 Infrastructure (p. 105)
• 7.1.2 Charging time (p. 107)
• 7.1.3 Cost (p. 107)
• 7.1.4 Standardization (p. 108)
• 7.1.5 Charging methods (p. 109)
• 7.1.6 Charging modes (p. 110)
• 7.1.7 Communication (p. 113)
• 7.1.8 EU system (p. 113)
• 7.1.9 Charging plugs (p. 114)
• 7.1.10 Vehicle-to-grid technology (p. 116)
• 7.1.11 Tesla Powerwall (p. 116)
• 7.2 Wireless power transfer (p. 116)
• 7.2.1 Introduction (p. 116)
• 7.2.2 Stationary WPT (p. 118)
• 7.2.3 Dynamic WPT (p. 121)
• 7.3 Solar charging case study (p. 122)
• 7.3.1 Introduction (p. 122)
• 7.3.2 Latest results (p. 126)
• 8 Maintenance, repairs and replacement (p. 127)
• 8.1 Before work commences (p. 127)
• 8.1.1 Introduction (p. 127)
• 8.1.2 Technical information (p. 127)
• 8.1.3 De-energizing (p. 128)
• 8.2 Maintenance (p. 129)
• 8.2.1 Repairs affecting other vehicle systems (p. 129)
• 8.2.2 Inspect high-voltage components (p. 129)
• 8.3 Remove and replace (p. 131)
• 8.3.1 High-voltage components (p. 131)
• 8.3.2 Battery pack (p. 132)
• 8.3.3 Low-voltage components (p. 133)
• 8.4 Completion of work (p. 134)
• 8.4.1 Re-energizing (p. 134)
• 8.4.2 Results, records and recommendations (p. 134)
• 8.5 Roadside assistance (p. 135)
• 8.5.1 Introduction (p. 135)
• 8.5.2 Roadside repairs (p. 135)
• 8.5.3 Recovery (p. 137)
• 8.5.4 Emergency response (p. 139)
• 8.5.5 Pro-Assist hybrid mobile app (p. 140)
• 9 Case studies (p. 145)
• 9.1 Introduction (p. 145)
• 9.2 General motors EV-1 (p. 145)
• 9.2.1 Overview (p. 145)
• 9.2.2 EV-1 details (p. 145)
• 9.3 Nissan LEAF 2016 (p. 147)
• 9.3.1 Overview (p. 147)
• 9.3.2 Remote control (p. 147)
• 9.4 GM Volt 2016 (USA version) (p. 147)
• 9.4.1 Overview (p. 147)
• 9.4.2 Battery (p. 148)
• 9.4.3 Two-motor drive unit (p. 148)
• 9.4.4 Range extender (p. 149)
• 9.5 Tesla Roadster (p. 150)
• 9.5.1 Overview (p. 150)
• 9.5.2 Motor (p. 150)
• 9.5.3 Motor control (p. 152)
• 9.5.4 Battery (p. 153)
• 9.5.5 Power control (p. 155)
• 9.5.6 Software (p. 157)
• 9.6 Honda FCX Clarity (p. 158)
• 9.6.1 Overview (p. 158)
• 9.6.2 Hydrogen (p. 159)
• 9.5.1 Energy efficiency and the environment (p. 162)
• 9.6.4 Core technologies (p. 164)
• 9.6.5 Driving dynamics (p. 169)
• 9.6.6 Safety: hydrogen and high voltage (p. 170)
• 9.7 Toyota Mirai (p. 171)
• 9.7.1 Overview (p. 171)
• 9.7.2 Toyota fuel cell system (TFCS) (p. 172)
• 9.7.3 Safety (p. 173)
• 9.7.4 Refuelling process (p. 173)
• 9.8 Honda light hybrids (p. 174)
• 9.8.1 Overview (p. 174)
• 9.8.2 IMA battery (p. 174)
• 9.8.3 IMA motor (p. 178)
• 9.8.4 Hybrid IMA control system (p. 180)
• 9.9 Bosch parallel full-hybrid (p. 185)
• 9.9.1 Overview (p. 185)
• 9.9.2 Power boost (p. 186)
• 9.9.3 Control system (p. 187)
• 9.9.4 Hybrid and GDi engines (p. 187)
• 9.9.5 Optimized components (p. 187)
• 9.10 Volkswagen Golf GTE (p. 188)
• 9.10.1 Overview (p. 188)
• 9.10.2 Motor and power electronics (p. 188)
• 9.10.3 Internal combustion engine and transmission (p. 189)
• 9.10.4 Battery (p. 189)
• 9.10.5 Driver's control systems (p. 189)
• Index (p. 191)

Author notes provided by Syndetics

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