General Chemistry / Darrell D. Ebbing, Steven D. Gammon.
Material type: TextPublication details: Australia : Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning, c.2009.Edition: 9th edDescription: 1 v. (various pagings) : col. ill. ; 28 cmISBN:- 1439049289 (pbk.)
- 9781439049280 (pbk.)
- 540 EBB
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Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:
The Ninth Edition of this market-leading text has been substantially revised to meet the rapidly changing instructional demands of GENERAL CHEMISTRY professors. Known for its carefully developed, thoroughly integrated, step-by-step approach to problem solving, GENERAL CHEMISTRY, International Edition helps students master quantitative skills and build a lasting conceptual understanding of key chemical concepts. The Ninth Edition retains this hallmark approach and builds upon the conceptual focus through key new features and revisions.
International student edition--Cover.
Includes index.
Table of contents provided by Syndetics
- Part I Basics of Chemistry
- 1 Chemistry and Measurement An Introduction to Chemistry
- Modern Chemistry: A Brief Glimpse
- Experiment and Explanation
- A Chemist Looks at The Birth of the Post-it Note
- Law of Conservation of Mass
- Matter: Physical State and Chemical Constitution
- Physical Measurements
- Measurement and Significant Figures
- Instrumental Methods Separation of Mixtures by Chromatography
- SI Units
- Derived Units
- Units and Dimensional Analysis (Factor-Label Method)
- 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
- Atomic Theory and Atomic Structure
- Atomic Theory of Matter
- The Structure of the Atom
- Nuclear Structure; Isotopes
- Atomic Masses
- Periodic Table of the Elements
- Chemical Substances: Formulas and Names
- Chemical Formulas; Molecular and Ionic Substances
- Chemist Looks at Thirty Seconds on the Island of Stability
- Organic Compounds
- Naming Simple Compounds
- Chemical Reactions: Equations
- Writing Chemical Equations
- Balancing Chemical Equations
- 3 Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations Mass and Moles of Substance
- Molecular Mass and Formula Mass
- The Mole Concept
- Determining Chemical Formulas
- Mass Percentages from the Formula
- Elemental Analysis: Percentages of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
- Determining Formulas
- Instrumental Methods Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Formula
- Stoichiometry: Quantitative Relations in Chemical Reactions
- Molar Interpretation of a Chemical Equation
- Amounts of Substances in a Chemical Reaction
- Limiting Reactant; Theoretical and Percentage Yields
- 4 Chemical Reactions
- Ions in Aqueous Solution
- Ionic Theory of Solutions and Solubility Rules
- Molecular and Ionic Equations
- Types of Chemical Reactions
- Precipitation Reactions
- Acid-Base Reactions
- Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
- Balancing Simple Oxidation-Reduction Equations
- Working with Solutions
- Molar Concentration
- Diluting Solutions
- Quantitative Analysis
- Gravimetric Analysis
- Volumetric Analysis
- 5 The Gaseous State
- Gas Laws
- Gas Pressure and Its Measurement
- Empirical Gas Laws
- The Ideal Gas Law
- A Chemist Looks at Nitrogen Monoxide Gas and Biological Signaling
- Stoichiometry Problems Involving Gas Volumes
- Gas Mixtures; Law of Partial Pressures
- Kinetic-Molecular Theory
- Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas
- Molecular Speeds; Diffusion and Effusion
- Real Gases
- A Chemist Looks at Carbon Dioxide Gas and the Greenhouse Effect
- 6 Thermochemistry
- Understanding Heats of Reaction
- Energy and Its Units
- Heat of Reaction
- Enthalpy and Enthalpy Change
- Thermochemical Equations
- A Chemist Looks at Lucifers and Other Matches
- Applying Stoichiometry to Heats of Reaction
- Measuring Heats of Reaction
- Using Heats of Reaction
- Hess's Law
- Standard Enthalpies of Formation
- FuelsùFoods, Commercial Fuels, and Rocket Fuels
- Part II Atomic and Molecular Structure
- 7 Quantum Theory of the Atom
- Light Waves, Photons, and the Bohr Theory
- The Wave Nature of Light
- Quantum Effects and Photons
- A Chemist Looks at Zapping Hamburger with Gamma Rays
- The Bohr Theory of the Hydrogen Atom
- A Chemist Looks at Lasers and Compact Disc Players
- Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Numbers
- Quantum Mechanics
- Instrumental Methods Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
- Quantum Numbers and Atomic Orbitals
- 8 Electron Configurations and Periodicity Electronic Structure of Atoms
- Electron Spin and the Pauli Exclusion Principle
- Instrumental Methods Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)
- Building-Up Principle and the Periodic Table
- Instrumental Methods X Rays, Atomic Numbers, and Orbital Structure (Photoelectron. Spectroscopy)
- Writing Electron Configurations Using the Periodic Table
- Orbital Diagrams of Atoms; Hund's Rule
- A Chemist Looks at Levitating Frogs and People
- Periodicity of the Elements
- Mendeleev's Predictions from the Periodic Table
- Some Periodic Properties
- Periodicity in the Main-Group Elements
- 9 Ionic and Covalent Bonding
- Ionic Bonds
- Describing Ionic Bonds
- A Chemist Looks at Ionic Liquids and Green Chemistry
- Electron Configurations of Ions
- Ionic Radii
- Covalent Bonds
- Describing Covalent Bonds
- A Chemist Looks at Chemical Bonds in Nitroglycerin
- Polar Covalent Bonds; Electronegativity
- Writing Lewis Electron-Dot Formulas
- Delocalized Bonding: Resonance
- Exceptions to the Octet Rule
- Formal Charge and Lewis Formulas
- Bond Length and Bond Order
- Bond Energy
- Instrumental Methods Infrared Spectroscopy and Vibrations of Chemical Bonds
- 10 Molecular Geometry and Chemical Bonding Theory
- Molecular Geometry and Directional Bonding
- The Valence-Shell Electron-Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Model
- Dipole Moment and Molecular Geometry
- A Chemist Looks at Left-Handed and Right-Handed Molecules
- Valence Bond Theory
- Description of Multiple Bonding
- Molecular Orbital Theory
- Principles of Molecular Orbital Theory
- Electron Configurations of Diatomic Molecules of the Second-Period Elements
- Molecular Orbitals and Delocalized Bonding
- A Chemist Looks at Human Vision
- A Chemist Looks at Stratospheric Ozone (An Absorber of Ultraviolet Rays)
- Part III States of Matter and Solutions
- 11 States of Matter; Liquids and Solids
- Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids
- Changes of State
- Phase Transitions
- Phase Diagrams
- A Chemist Looks at Removing Caffeine from Coffee
- Liquid State
- Properties of Liquids: Surface Tension and Viscosity
- Intermolecular Forces; Explaining Liquid Properties
- A Chemist Looks at Gecko Toes, Sticky But Not Tacky
- Solid State
- Classification of Solids by Type of Attraction of Units
- Crystalline Solids; Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells
- Structures of Some Crystalline Solids
- A Chemist Looks at Liquid-Crystal Displays
- Calculations Involving Unit-Cell Dimensions
- Determining Crystal Structure by X-Ray Diffraction
- Instrumental Methods Automated X-Ray Diffractometry
- A Chemist Looks at Water (A Special Substance for Planet Earth)
- 12 Solutions
- Solution Formation
- Types of Solutions
- Solubility and the Solution Process
- A Chemist Looks at Hemoglobin Solubility and Sickle-Cell Anemia
- Effects of Temperature and Pressure on Solubility
- Colligative Properties
- Ways of Expressing Concentration
- Vapor Pressure of a Solution
- Boiling-Point Elevation and Freezing-Point Depression
- Osmosis
- Colligative Properties of Ionic Solutions
- Colloid Formation
- Colloids
- A Chemist Looks at The World's Smallest Test Tubes
- Part IV Chemical Reactions and Equilibrium
- 13 Rates of Reaction
- Reaction Rates
- Definition of Reaction Rate
- Experimental Determination of Rate
- Dependence of Rate on Concentration
- Change of Concentration with Time
- Temperature and Rate; Collision and Transition-State Theories
- Arrhenius Equation
- Reaction Mechanisms
- Elementary Reactions
- The Rate Law and the Mechanism
- Catalysis
- A Chemist Looks at Seeing Molecules React
- 14 Chemical Equilibrium
- Describing Chemical Equilibrium
- Chemical EquilibriumùA Dynamic Equilibrium
- The Equilibrium Constant
- Heterogeneous Equilibria; Solvents in Homogeneous Equilibria
- A Chemist Looks at Slime Molds and Leopards' Spots
- Using the Equilibrium Constant
- Qualitatively Interpreting the Equilibrium Constant
- Predicting the Direction of Reaction
- Calculating Equilibrium Concentrations
- Changing the Reaction Conditions; Le Châtelier's Principle
- Removing Products or Adding Reactants
- Changing the Pressure and Temperature
- Effect of a Catalyst
- 15 Acids and Bases
- Acid-Base Concepts
- Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Bases
- Bronsted-Lowry Concept of Acids and Bases
- Lewis Concept of Acids and Bases
- A Chemist Looks at Taking Your Medicine
- Acid and Base Strengths
- Relative Strengths of Acids and Bases
- Molecular Structure and Acid Strength
- Self-Ionization of Water and pH
- Self-Ionization of Water
- Solutions of a Strong Acid or Base
- The pH of a Solution
- A Chemist Looks at Unclogging the Sink and Other Chores
- 16 Acid-Base Equilibria
- Solutions of a Weak Acid or Base
- Acid-Ionization Equilibria
- Polyprotic Acids
- A Chemist Looks at Acid Rain
- Base-Ionization Equilibria
- Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions
- Solutions of a Weak Acid or Base with Another Solute
- Common-Ion Effect
- Buffers
- Acid-Base Titration Curves
- 17 Solubility and Complex-Ion Equilibria
- Solubility Equilibria
- The Solubility Product Constant
- Solubility and the Common-Ion Effect
- Precipitation Calculations
- Effect of pH on Solubility
- A Chemist Looks at Limestone Caves
- Complex-Ion Equilibria
- Complex-Ion Formation
- Complex Ions and Solubility
- An Application of Solubility Equilibria
- Qualitative Analysis of Metal Ions
- 18 Thermodynamics and Equilibrium
- First Law of Thermodynamics; Enthalpy
- Spontaneous Processes and Entropy
- Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
- Standard Entropies and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
- Free-Energy Concept
- Free Energy and Spontaneity
- Interpretation of Free Energy
- A Chemist Looks at Coupling of Reactions
- Free Energy and Equilibrium Constants
- Relating ?G to the Equilibrium Constant
- Change of Free Energy with Temperature
- 19 Electrochemistry
- Half-Reactions
- Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions in Acidic and Basic Solutions
- Voltaic Cells
- Construction of Voltaic Cells
- Notation for Voltaic Cells
- Cell Potential
- Standard Cell Potentials and Standard Electrode Potentials
- Equilibrium Constants from Cell Potentials
- Dependence of Cell Potential on Concentration
- Some Commercial Voltaic Cells
- Electrolytic Cells
- Electrolysis of Molten Salts
- Aqueous Electrolysis
- Stoichiometry of Electrolysis
- Part V Nuclear Chemistry and Chemistry of the Elements
- 20 Nuclear Chemistry
- Radioactivity and Nuclear Bombardment Reactions
- Radioactivity
- A Chemist Looks at Magic Numbers
- Nuclear Bombardment Reactions
- Radiations and Matter: Detection and Biological Effects
- Rate of Radioactive Decay
- Applications of Radioactive Isotopes
- Energy of Nuclear Reactions
- A Chemist Looks at Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
- Mass-Energy Calculations
- Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion
- 21 Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements
- General Observations About the Main-Group Elements
- Chemistry of the Main-Group Metals
- Metals: Characteristics and Production
- Bonding in Metals
- A Chemist Looks at Superconductivity
- Group IVA: The Alkali Metals
- Group IIA: The Alkaline Earth Metals
- Group IIIA and Group IVA Metals
- Chemistry of the Nonmetals
- Hydrogen
- Group IVA: The Carbon Family
- Group VA: Nitrogen and the Phosphorous Family
- A Chemist Looks at BuckminsterfullereneùA Third Form of Carbon
- Group VIA: Oxygen and the Sulfur Family
- Group VIIA: The Halogens
- Group VIIIA: The Noble Gases
- 22 The Transition Elements and Coordination Compounds
- Properties of the Transition Elements
- Periodic Trends in the Transition Elements
- The Chemistry of Two Transition Elements
- Complex Ions and Coordination Compounds
- Formation and Structure of Complexes
- Naming Coordination Compounds
- A Chemist Looks at Salad Dressing and Chelate Stability
- Structure and Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
- Valence Bond Theory of Complexes
- Crystal Field Theory
- A Chemist Looks at The Cooperative Release of Oxygen from Oxyhemoglobin
- 23 Organic Chemistry
- The Bonding of Carbon
- Hydrocarbons
- Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
- Alkenes and Alkynes
- Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- Naming Hydrocarbons
- Derivatives of Hydrocarbons
- Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen
- Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
- 24 Polymer Materials: Synthetic and Biological.
- Synthetic Polymers
- Synthesis of Organic Polymers
- Chemist Looks at The Discovery of Nylon
- Electrically Conducting Polymers
- Biological Polymers
- Proteins
- Nucleic Acids
- A Chemist Looks at Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Atomic Force Microscopy
- Appendixes
- A Mathematical Skills
- B Vapor Pressure of Water at Various Temperatures
- C Thermodynamic Quantities for Substances and Ions at 25 C
- D Electron Configurations of Atoms in the Ground State
- E Acid-Ionization Constants at 25 C
- F Base-Ionization Constants at 25 C
- G Solubility Product Constants at 25 C
- H Formation Constants of Complex Ions at 25 C
- I Standard Electrode (Reduction) Potentials in Aqueous Solution at 25 C
- Answers to Exercises
- Answers to Concept Checks
- Answers to Self-Assessment Questions
- Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Problems
- Glossary
- Credits
- Index.